Twelve male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, comprising sham surgery, model development, medication, and moxibustion, each group consisting of three rats; the VD model was established through bilateral common carotid artery occlusion. Shenting (GV24), Baihui (GV20), and Dazhui (GV14) received a twenty-minute moxibustion treatment once daily, for seven days, then repeated two more times, each separated by a rest day. Daily gavage with a 10 mg/kg solution of chloromastine was used to treat the rats in the medication group, mirroring the treatment protocol of the moxibustion group. The Morris water maze (escape latency) was utilized to ascertain the rat's learning-memory aptitude. The evaluation of neurological deficits was conducted employing Longa's scale. Observation of the ultrastructure of the myelin sheath and myelinated axons was undertaken employing transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
The neurological score and escape latency showed a significant and prolonged enhancement in comparison with the sham-surgery group.
A significant decrease was observed in the model group regarding mRNA and protein expression levels of Shh and Gli1, and the count of myelinated axons.
Presenting this sentence, formulated with care and attention to detail. The escape latency showed a substantial improvement in relation to the benchmark group of models.
The number of myelinated axons, alongside elevated mRNA and protein expression of Shh and Gli1, significantly increased in both the moxibustion and medication cohorts (005).
A list of sentences, each with a unique grammatical arrangement. TCM observations on the model group indicated a dispersed and indistinct configuration of myelin coils, with certain structures exhibiting bulging and disconnection. Myelin sheath counts were infrequent, corresponding to the irregular morphology of the oligodendrocytes. Compared to other groups, the moxibustion and medication groups exhibited relatively milder situations.
Regulation of Shh and Gli1 expression in the Shh signaling pathway by Huayu Tongluo moxibustion may potentially facilitate the regeneration of cerebral white matter myelin sheaths in VD rats, promoting the differentiation and maturation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells after cerebral ischemia, thereby potentially enhancing learning-memory ability.
Cerebral white matter myelin sheath regeneration in VD rats, potentially improving learning-memory abilities, is fostered by Huayu Tongluo moxibustion which affects the Shh signaling pathway, especially in terms of Shh and Gli1 expressions. This treatment, following cerebral ischemia, improves the differentiation and maturation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells.
To explore how moxibustion applied at Zusanli (ST36) modifies the SIRT1/p53 signaling pathway in a subacute aging rat model, aiming to uncover its mechanism for delaying aortic aging.
To study the effects, 20 male SD rats were segregated into four groups, namely a blank group, a model group, a prevention group, and a treatment group. A subacute aging model was created through the intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose (500 mg/kg).
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This schema delineates a list of sentences. selleck chemicals In the early morning hours, the rats in the prevention group underwent moxibustion at ST36, utilizing three moxa cones, once a day, for a period of 42 days, beginning after the surgical procedure. From the 43rd day onward, the treatment group rats underwent the same moxibustion protocol as the preventative group, continuing for 28 days. Rats in the blank and model groups underwent the same fixation procedure as the other two groups, maintained for 5 minutes. Using ELISA, the quantities of SIRT1, p53, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) present in the serum were measured. Histopathological changes of the aortic tissue were evident following HE staining. mRNA and protein levels of SIRT1 and p53 were measured in aortic tissue using qPCR and Western blotting.
The model group, in comparison to the control group, demonstrated aging symptoms, the prevention group showed no significant difference from the control group, and the treatment group showed a minor improvement over the model group. Serum p53 concentration, p53 mRNA expression, and p53 protein levels in aortic tissues were markedly elevated when compared to the blank control group.
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Serum SIRT1, VEGF, and eNOS concentrations, as well as SIRT1 mRNA and protein expression in aortic tissue, were demonstrably decreased (001).
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In the model grouping. armed forces The content of serum p53 and the expression of p53 mRNA and protein in aortic tissues were found to be markedly lower compared with the model group.
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Statistically significant enhancements were noted in serum SIRT1, VEGF, eNOS levels, and SIRT1 mRNA and protein expression in aortic tissue, comparing prevention and treatment groups.
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This list offers ten sentence structures that depart from the original formulation. Compared to the treatment group's performance, the prevention group rats showcased a substantial improvement across the indices cited above.
This sentence, presented for your review, merits a thorough examination of its constituent elements. Compared to the control group, the model group exhibited disordered endothelial cells, substantial vessel wall thickening, and increased senescent cell presence; conversely, prevention and treatment groups demonstrated varying degrees of vessel wall thinning and reduced and unevenly distributed senescent cell counts. The prevention group's histopathological lesion showed more noticeable improvement than that seen in the treatment group.
Possibly related to its impact on the SIRT1/p53 signaling pathway, moxibustion at ST36 might alleviate vascular endothelial injury and oxidative stress conditions specifically found in subacute aging rats.
Subacute aging in rats, experiencing vascular endothelial injury and oxidative stress, may find relief through ST36 moxibustion, potentially due to its modulation of the SIRT1/p53 signaling pathway.
To discern the mechanism of acupuncture in treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), we investigated the influence of acupuncture stimulation on the protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)/eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2) signaling pathway in the hippocampus of rats with PTSD.
Twenty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups: normal, model, acupuncture, and sertraline, with seven rats in each. The method of establishing the PTSD model involved a single, sustained period of stress. Following the modeling, daily acupuncture to the Baihui (GV20) and Dazhui (GV14) acupoints was administered to the rats in the acupuncture group for ten minutes, for seven consecutive days. For seven days, sertraline (10 mg/kg) was administered by gavage to rats categorized as the sertraline group. By utilizing both elevated cross maze tests and novel object recognition experiments, researchers detected changes in the rats' behavior. Two-stage bioprocess The levels of PERK, phosphorylated PERK, eIF2, phosphorylated eIF2, and ATF4 proteins were measured within the hippocampus employing a Western blot technique. Transmission electron microscopy was employed to observe the ultrastructure of hippocampal neurons.
Compared to the typical group, the rate of entry and dwell time within the open arms of the elevated plus maze, along with novel object recognition measures, showed a substantial reduction.
The hippocampus demonstrated a significant elevation in the expression levels of p-PERK, p-eIF2, and ATF4 proteins.
005 rats formed the sample set for the model group. When assessed against the model group, the control group demonstrated a substantially reduced percentage of open arm entries, a diminished time spent in the open arm, and a lower new object recognition index.
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In the hippocampus, the levels of phosphorylated p-PERK, p-eIF2, and ATF4 proteins displayed a significant reduction.
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The level of eIF2 protein expression significantly declined in the rat groups treated with acupuncture and sertraline.
The sertraline category witnessed the manifestation of <005>. Damage to hippocampal neurons, along with severe dilation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and reduction or mild cavitation of the mitochondrial cristae, was observed in the model group; the acupuncture and sertraline groups, however, showed mitigated neuronal structural damage and rough endoplasmic reticulum dilation, with only some of the mitochondrial cristae displaying decreases in comparison to the model group.
Acupuncture therapy for PTSD rats could potentially improve anxiety behaviors as well as cognitive functions like recognition and memory by inhibiting hippocampal PERK/eIF2 signaling and reducing neuronal damage caused by endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Rats with PTSD experiencing anxiety and deficits in recognition and memory may find relief through acupuncture, a treatment hypothesized to work by inhibiting the hippocampus's PERK/eIF2 signaling pathway and decreasing the neuronal damage resulting from endoplasmic reticulum stress.
To study the role of electroacupuncture pretreatment in mitigating postoperative cognitive impairment (POCD), neuronal apoptosis, and neuronal inflammation in senescent rats.
In a randomized fashion, 36 male SD rats, each 20 months old, were separated into three groups: a sham operation group, a model group, and an electroacupuncture (EA) group. Each group contained 12 animals. Internal fixation of the fractured left tibia was employed in establishing the POCD rat model. Using electrical acupuncture stimulation (2 Hz/15 Hz, 1 mA, 30 min), Zusanli (ST36), Hegu (LI4), and Neiguan (PC6) on the unaffected side of the rats in the EA group received treatment once a day for five days, commencing five days before the modeling procedure. The water maze test, conducted 31 to 35 days after the surgical procedure, was employed to evaluate the learning and memory capacities of the rats. A double-staining method combining Tunel and NeuN was used to quantify hippocampal neuron apoptosis. Microglia cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus exhibited the expression of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa-B (p-NF-κB), as determined by immunofluorescence staining.